Anaconda is a popular platform that offers an easy way to perform data science and machine learning using Python or R. It includes a package manager with a graphics user interface (GUI). Thousands of open-source packages and libraries are available. The full Anaconda installation is comprehensive but very large.
—Type: Package manager with collection of packages
—License: Depends on the edition; the "Anaconda Distribution" is free
—Usage: Download

ArcGIS is a geographic information system software used to analyze location data and create interactive maps. Share insights with the general public or with specific groups.
—Type: Mapping
—License: Commercial; Northwestern University has site license
—Usage: Use online

DeGAUSS (Decentralized Geomarker Assessment for Multi-Site Studies) is a decentralized method for geocoding that maintains the privacy of protected health information. It is useful in studying environmental and social determinants of health
—Type: Mapping
—License: Free
—Usage: Local computer

Colab, or "Colaboratory", is a fully-built environment for program development. It allows you to write and execute Python in your browser, with: 1) Zero configuration required, 2) Access to GPUs to process many pieces of data simultaneously, 3) Free of charge,4) Easy sharing.
—Type: Notebook
—License: Requires Google account
—Usage: Visit the website and use

Jupyter provides a notebook programming environment which is heavily used in machine learning and other areas of science. A notebook has a set of rows, each of which can contain plain text, formatted text, or an executable program written in any of dozens of languages, including Python and R.
—Type: Notebook
—License: Free
—Usage: Run on your computer or a Web server

Orange helps users create visual workflows for data mining, machine learning, and data visualization. Focus on exploratory data analysis instead of coding.
—Type: Data mining
—License: Free
—Usage: Download

Python is the most-used programming language worldwide, especially in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data science. It can be extended with thousands of "modules.”
—Type: Programming language
—License: Free
—Tutorial
—Beginner's Guide
—Usage: Download

PyTorch is an open-source machine learning framework used to create, train, and run models. PyTorch runs with Python or C++.
—Type: Machine learning framework
—License: Free
—Usage: Install locally or use a supported cloud platform

R is a software environment for statistical computing and graphics, with its own programming language.
—Type: Statistics
—License: Free
—Usage: Download

SAS is software for statistical analysis, data mining, graphics, and forecasting.
--Type: Statistics
--License: Commercial product; University discount; "University Edition" is free
—Usage: Download

TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning used to create, train, and run models. It was created by Google. Google Cloud Platform has Tensor Processing Units that specifically accelerate TensorFlow.
—Type: Machine learning framework
—License: Free
—Usage: Download or use online

Streamlit is free and open-source, enabling users to build and share machine learning and data science apps. The Python-based framework is helpful for machine learning engineers.
—Type: Machine Learning Framework
—License: Free
—Usage: Use online